Hayz (Menses)
Hayz is a kind of blood which is normally discharged every month from the womb of women for a few days. The woman experiencing Menses is called 'Haa'ez'.
440. Menses is usually thick and warm and its color is either black or red. It is discharged with pressure and a little irritation.
441. Sayyida[1]women, become Ya'isa after the age of 60 years, i.e. they do not become Haa'ez. And women who are not Sayyida, become Ya'isa at the age of 50 years.
442. Blood seen by a girl who has not yet completed 9 years of her age or a woman who has become Ya'isa, will not be classified as Hayz.
443. It is quite possible for a pregnant woman or a breast feeding mother to see Hayz, however, if a woman who has conceived sees blood with the usual signs of Hayz 20 days after the commencement of her habitual period, then it is necessary for her, as per obligatory precaution, to refrain from the acts which are forbidden for Haa'ez and to perform the obligations of a Mustahadha.
444. If a girl does not know whether she has completed nine years of age or not and if she sees blood which does not bear any sign of Hayz, then that blood is definitely not Hayz. And if it has some semblance of Hayz, then there is an Ishkal (objection) in classifying it as Hayz.
445. If a woman who is doubtful as to whether or not, she has become Ya'isa, sees blood which she cannot decide whether it is of Hayz or not, she should decide that she has not yet become Ya'isa.
446. The period of Hayz is not less than 3 days and not more than 10 days, and if the period during which blood is discharged falls short of 3 days even by a small measure of time, that blood will not be considered as Hayz.
447. The blood of Hayz flows continuously for the first 3 days. Therefore, if blood is seen for 2 days and then becomes Pak for 1 day and then seen again for 1 day, as per obligatory precaution, during the days of bleeding and also when she is Pak, she
should combine the rules of Haa'ez and Mustahadha; like she should refrain from the acts which are forbidden for Haa'ez and perform her obligations also.
448. It is not necessary that blood flows out during all the three days, but it is sufficient for the blood to be internally present, in a way that during these three days, whenever she inserts a cotton or finger, it comes out bloody, however, in the very first place, blood should flow out on its own, even if it is very little in amount, and if blood flows out with the help of cotton or something else or it remains inside the private part, as per precautionary measures, in both conditions, she should perform her obligations and should refrain from the acts which are forbidden for Haa’ez. And whenever a woman becomes Pak, even for a brief period during the first 3 days in such a way that blood is not present even internally, during that period there is an objection (Ishkal) in classifying a woman as Haa’ez, as per obligatory precaution, it is necessary for her to refrain from the acts which are forbidden for Haa'ez and to perform the obligations of a Mustahadha.
449. It is not necessary that a woman should have bleeding on the 1st and the 4th night, but it is essential that bleeding should not discontinue on the 2nd and the 3rd night. Thus, if bleeding commences from the morning Adhaan of the 1st day and continues till sunset on the 3rd day, and does not discontinue on the 2nd and 3rd night, it would be considered as Hayz. However, if blood is seen from the middle of the 1st day and stops at the same time on the 4th day, it will not be considered as Hayz, unless it does not discontinue on the 2nd, 3rd and 4th night.
450. If a woman sees blood continuously for three days, and then she becomes Pak and then sees again, and if the total number of days in which blood was seen and in which it stopped does not exceed ten, as per precautionary measures, the days in which no blood was seen, she will perform her obligations and will also refrain from all those acts which are forbidden on the Haa'ez.
451. If blood is seen for more than three days and less than ten days and she does not know whether the blood is of a sore or a wound or of Hayz, she should consider it as Hayz.
452. If a woman sees blood during a time when she habitually used to have her menses and about which she is unable to discern as to whether it is the blood of wound or of Hayz, she should consider it as Hayz.
453. If a woman doubts whether the blood she has seen is of Hayz or Nifas, she should act according to the rules of Hayz and Nifas, and should perform a Ghusl with the intention of complying with the order of Almighty Allah for Hayz and Nifas.
454. If a woman is unable to decide whether the blood she has seen is of Hayz or of virginity, she should examine herself i.e. she should insert cotton in herself and wait for some time. If she finds that only its sides have been stained with blood then it is virginal blood, and if the blood has soaked the entire piece of cotton then it is Hayz.
455. If blood is seen for less than 3 days and then stops and starts again for 3 days, and if the total number of days in which blood was seen and in which it stopped does not exceed ten, then she should consider the second blood as Hayz, however, during the first blood, as per precautionary measures, it is necessary for her to refrain from the acts which are forbidden for Haa'ez and to perform the obligations of a Mustahadha, and for the days during which blood stopped, she should refrain from the acts which are forbidden for Haa’ez and should perform her obligations.
[1] Women, who are from the clan of Quraish.