پنجشنبه: 1403/01/9

Doubts which are valid

 

1208. There are nine situations in which a person can have doubts about the number of Rak’ats in the Namaz consisting of four Rak’ats. In those situations, one should pause to think, and if he arrives at any decision or probability, he should act accordingly. If doubt persists, he should follow these rules:

  1. After finishing the obligatory Zikr of the second Sajdah, if a person doubts whether he has

 

 performed 2 Rak’ats or 3, he should assume that he has performed 3 Rak’ats, and finish the prayers after performing one more Rak’at. And after finishing the prayers he should offer 1 Rak’at of Namaz – e – Ihtiyat, standing, whose method will be mentioned later.

2. If after finishing the obligatory Zikr of the second Sajdah, a person doubts whether he has performed 2 or 4 Rak’ats, he should decide that he has performed 4 Rak’ats and finish his prayers. He should then stand up to offer 2 Rak’ats of Namaz – e – Ihtiyat.

3.If a person doubts, after finishing the obligatory Zikr of the second Sajdah, whether he has performed 2, 3 or 4 Rak’ats, he should decide that he has performed 4 Rak’ats. After completing the prayers, he should perform 2 Rak’ats of Namaz – e – Ihtiyat standing, and 2 Rak’ats in the sitting position.

4. If a person doubts after finishing the obligatory Zikr of the second Sajdah, as to whether he has performed 4 or 5 Rak’ats, he should decide that he has performed 4 Rak’ats and finish his prayers. After that he should perform two Sajdah – e – Sahw. However, in any of these four situations, if the doubt occurs after the first Sajdah, and before finishing the obligatory Zikr of the second Sajdah, the prayers will be void.

5.  If a person doubts at any stage during his prayers, whether he has performed 3 or 4 Rak’ats, he should decide that he has performed 4 Rak’ats and finish his prayers. Thereafter he should offer Namaz – e – Ihtiyat of 1 Rak’at standing or of 2 Rak’ats in the sitting position.

6.  If a person doubts while standing, as to whether he has performed 4 Rak’ats or 5, he should sit down and recite Tashahhud and the Salam of prayers. Then he should stand up to offer Namaz – e – Ihtiyat of 1 Rak’at, or give 2 Rak’ats while sitting. As per obligatory precaution, in this case and in the seventh and eighth case, one should also perform two Sajdah – e – Sahw after offering Namaz – e – Ihtiyat.

7. If one doubts, while standing, whether he has performed three or five Rak’ats, he should sit down and recite Tashahhud and Salam to finish the prayers. After that, he should offer 2 Rak’ats of Namaz – e – Ihtiyat standing.

8. If a person doubts while standing, as to whether he has offered 3, 4 or 5 Rak’ats, he should sit down and recite Tashahhud and the Salam of prayers. Thereafter, he should offer Namaz – e – Ihtiyat of 2 Rak’ats standing, and another 2 Rak’ats in the sitting position.

9.If a person doubts, while standing, whether he has performed 5 or 6 Rak’ats, he should sit down and recite Tashahhud and Salam of the prayers. Thereafter, he should perform two Sajdah – e – Sahw. As per obligatory precaution, he should also offer two more Sajdah – e – Sahw for an extra Qiyam.

 

1209. When a person has any of the above valid doubts, he should not break the prayers, and if he breaks the Namaz he has committed a sin. Hence, if he starts the second Namaz from the beginning without committing an act which invalidates the Namaz, like turning away from Qibla, his second Namaz will be void too. And if he starts his second Namaz after committing an act which invalidates the Namaz, his second Namaz will be in order.

1210. If a person has one of those doubts for which offering of Namaz – e – Ihtiyat is obligatory, and if he completes his prayer and if he starts the Namaz afresh, without having performed Namaz – e – Ihtiyat, he has committed sin. And, if he starts the second Namaz from the beginning without committing an act which invalidates the Namaz, like turning away from Qibla, his second Namaz will be void too. And if he starts his second Namaz after committing an act which invalidates the Namaz, his second Namaz will be in order.

1211. When a person has any of those valid doubts, as mentioned before, he should immediately think, and if he arrives at any decision or probability, he should act accordingly, and his prayers are in order. There is no harm, if he delays in thinking, for example, if he doubts in Sajdah, he can continue thinking till after Sajdah.

1212. If initially the feeling of a person is inclined on one side of the doubt, and later both the sides become equally strong, he should act according to the rules of doubt. And if initially both sides are equally strong, and he decides to act according to his obligation, but later his feeling inclines to the other side, he should adopt it, and complete the prayers.

1213. If a person does not know whether his feeling is inclined on one side, or is equal on both sides, if he assumes that he has an inclination toward any one side, he should adopt it, or else he should act according to the rules of doubt.

1214. If a person learns after prayers, that while in Namaz, he was in a state of doubt as to whether, he offered 2 Rak’ats or 3 and that he decided in favor of 3 Rak’ats, but does not know whether his strong feeling favored offering three Rak’ats, or whether it favored both sides equally, it is better to offer Namaz – e – Ihtiyat.

1215. If a person doubts while he is reciting Tashahhud or after standing up, whether or not he has performed the 2 Sajdah, and simultaneously, has a type of doubt which would only be valid if it occurred after two Sajdah, like if he doubts whether he has performed two or three Rak’ats, his Namaz will be valid if he acts according to the rule prescribed for that doubt.

 

1216. If a person doubts before he begins Tashahhud, or before standing (Qiyam), whether or not he has performed both the Sajdah, and right at that moment, a doubt occurs which would only be valid if it occurred after two Sajdah, the prayers will be void.

1217. If a person doubts while standing, whether he is in third or fourth Rak’at, or whether it is third, fourth or fifth Rak’at, and at that time he remembers to have omitted one or both Sajdah of the preceding Rak’at, his prayers will be void.

1218. If one doubt of a person is allayed and another doubt takes its place, like, if he doubted first whether he had offered 2 or 3 Rak’ats, and later he doubts whether he has offered 3 or 4 Rak’ats, he should act according to the rules of the second doubt.

1219. If a person doubts after prayers, whether while in Namaz, his doubt was about 2 and 4 Rak’ats or about 3 and 4 Rak’ats, as per obligatory precaution, he may act according to the rules of both the doubts; and he should also repeat the prayers.

1220. If a person realizes after prayers, that while he was in Namaz, he had a doubt, but does not know whether it was a valid or unsound doubt, and further, if it was one of the valid doubts, he does not know to which type it belonged, in such a case, he should offer two Rak’ats of Namaz – e – Ihtiyat while standing, and then 1 Rak’at Namaz – e – Ihtiyat while standing and two Rak’ats while sitting, and should offer two Sajdah – e – Sahw, and he should also repeat the prayer. 

1221. If a person who prays in the sitting position has a doubt, which would oblige him to perform either 1 Rak’at Namaz – e – Ihtiyat standing or 2 Rak’ats in the sitting position, he should offer 1 Rak’at sitting. And if he has a doubt for which his obligation is to offer 1 Rak’at Namaz – e – Ihtiyat standing, and if he offers 1 Rak’at Namaz – e – Ihtiyat while sitting, instead of standing, it is sufficient. Similarly, it is sufficient if one offer two Rak’ats of Namaz – e – Ihtiyat standing, while sitting. However, in the second and third condition, as per recommended precaution, it is better, that one should pray 1 Rak’at standing and 2 Rak’at while sitting, and offer the prayer again, all together.

1222. If a person offered his prayers in the standing position, becomes unable to stand while offering Namaz – e – Ihtiyat, he should offer it as one who offers prayers in the sitting position. Rules of these have been detailed above.

1223. If a person offered his prayers while sitting, becomes capable of standing for offering Namaz – e – Ihtiyat, he should act according to the obligation of one who offers prayers standing.

 

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Friday / 29 March / 2024

Islamic Laws (Taudheeh Al-Masail)