Salatul Ihtiyat

1. In the event that Salatul Ihtiyat becomes Wajib, for example, a doubt occurs between the third and fourth Rak’at, then right after the Salam, without doing anything to break the appearance of the Salat, or without committing one of the things that make the Salat void, one must stand up, and without Adhan or Iqamah, immediately make a Niyyat for Salatul Ihtiyat, recite the Takbiratul Ihram, and recite Salatul Ihtiyat.
2. The difference between Salatul Ihtiyat and the other Salat:
   
   1. The Niyyat must not be pronounced with the tongue.
   2. There is no recitation of the (second) Surah and no Qunut (even if the Salatul Ihtiyat is two Rak’at).
   3. According to Ihtiyat Wajib, Surah al-Fatiha and even the Bismillah must be recited quietly.
3. If one Rak’at of Salatul Ihtiyat becomes Wajib, then after the two Sajdahs, the Tashahhud and Salam must be read; and if two Rak’at have become Wajib, then Tashahhud and Salam must not be read after the first Rak’at, rather, one more Rak’at must be performed (without a Takbir to start the second Rak’at), and at the end of the second Rak’at, the Tashahhud and Salam must be read.
    

Sajdah – e – Sahw (Sajdah for forgotten acts)

Two Sajdah – e – Sahw become necessary for five things, and they are performed after Salam. Their method will be explained later:

1. For talking forgetfully during prayers.
2. Reciting Salam at the wrong place, like, forgetfully reciting them in the first Rak’at.
3. Forgetting on Sajdah
4. Forgetting Tashahhud, as per precautionary measures.
5. When there is a doubt in a 4 Rak’at prayers, after second Sajdah, as to whether the number of Rak’ats performed is 4 or 5, and if he erroneously sits down where he should stand, for example, where he had to recite Surah Al – Hamd and other Surah he mistakenly sits down; or he stands up where he should sit, for example, when he should recite Tashahhud he mistakenly stands up, as per precautionary measures, he should perform 2 Sajdah – e – Sahw. In fact, for every omission and addition made by mistake in Namaz, as per recommended precaution, two Sajdah – e – Sahw be performed.

The method of offering Sajdah - e - Sahw

The method of offering Sajdah – e – Sahw is that after the Salam of prayers, one should immediately make a Niyyat of performing Sajdah – e – Sahw, placing one’s forehead on an object on which Sajdah is allowed. He should then recite the Zikr. There is three recommended Zikr for Sajdah – e – Sahw:

1. Bismillahi Wa Billahi Wa Sallallahu ‘Ala Mohammadin Wa Aalihi
2. Bismillahi Wa Billahi Allahumma Salli ‘Ala Mohammadin Wa Aali Mohammad
3. Bismillahi Wa Billahi Assalamu ‘Alayka Ayyuhan Nabiyyu Wa Rahmatullahi Wa Barakatuh.

As per precautionary measures, one should recite the third Zikr, then one should sit up and perform another Sajdah reciting the above mentioned Zikr. After performing the second Sajdah one should sit up again and recite Tashahhud and Salam.